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Sains Malaysiana 53(12)(2024): 3845-3857
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5312-01
Growth
Characteristics and Root Tensile Strength’s Variability in Selected Potential
Shrub Species for Slope Bio-engineering Applications
(Ciri Pertumbuhan dan Kepelbagaian Kekuatan Tegangan Akar Spesies Renek Terpilih yang Berpotensi bagi Aplikasi Bio-Kejuruteraan Cerun)
MOHAMAD
EDRI AZNAN1, ZULFAHMI ALI RAHMAN1,*,
SITI NORHAFIZAH TARMIDZI1, WAN MOHD RAZI IDRIS1, TUKIMAT
LIHAN1 & AESLINA ABDUL KADIR2
Diserahkan: 5 Mac 2024/Diterima:
4 Oktober 2024
Abstract
Malaysia’s
tropical climate, alternating wet and dry conditions, and high rainfall
contribute to soil erosion issues and landslide risk. Soil bioengineering
techniques are among the
approaches that can be adopted to tackle these issues and reinforce hillslopes.
However, selecting appropriate species for bioengineering applications is
crucial. Besides the growth of selected plant species, the root tensile
strength also plays an important role in soil structure improvement. This
research investigated the growth and root characteristics of four potential
shrub species namely Strobilanthes crispa (SC), Tabernaemontana divaricata (TD), Pseuderanthemum carruthersii (PC), and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis(HR) as a plant bioengineering material
by determining their root tensile force and stress after six months of growth.
The soil medium for plant propagation was prepared using a 3:1:1:1 ratio of
soil, sand, organic materials, and chicken manure and used for planting the
shrub species for 6 months of monitoring. The results show that SC and HR
species exhibit superior growth performance in most variables. Root diameter
influences mechanical properties of tensile force and stress which can be best
presented by power-law equation. TD species has the strongest root for tensile
stress, followed by species HR, PC, and SC. All the selected species have
potential as biological material in terms of growth performance and root
tensile strength. However, further study is essential to evaluate the
survivability and root tensile strength of the selected shrubs when implemented
on real slopes. This would offer genuine insights into the specific characteristics
of their root systems under practical conditions.
Keywords:
Bio-engineering; growth; shrubs; tensile strength
Abstrak
Malaysia
yang beriklim tropika dengan silih berganti antara keadaan basah dan kering dan menerima hujan yang tinggi menyumbang kepada isu hakisan tanah dan risiko tanah runtuh. Teknik biokejuruteraan tanah adalah salah satu pendekatan yang boleh membantu mencegah isu ini dan mengukuhkan cerun bukit. Walau bagaimanapun, pemilihan spesies untuk digunakan sebagai bahan biologi dalam teknik biokejuruteraan adalah tugas yang kritikal. Selain pertumbuhan spesies pokok yang dipilih, kekuatan tegangan akar juga memainkan peranan penting dalam memperbaiki struktur tanah. Penyelidikan ini mengkaji ciri pertumbuhan dan akar empat spesies pokok renek yang berpotensi iaitu Strobilanthes crispa (SC), Tabernaemontana divaricata (TD), Pseuderanthemum carruthersii (PC) dan Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (HR) dalam menentukan daya tegangan dan tegasan akar selepas enam bulan pertumbuhan. Medium tanah disediakan menggunakan nisbah 3:1:1:1 tanah, pasir, bahan organik dan tinja ayam sebelum menanam spesies pokok renek selama 6 bulan pemantauan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan spesies SC dan HR menunjukkan prestasi pertumbuhan yang lebih baik dalam kebanyakan parameter yang dikaji. Diameter akar mempengaruhi sifat mekanikal daya tegangan dan tegasan, yang boleh dibentangkan dengan persamaan kuasa. Spesies TD mempunyai akar yang paling kuat dengan daya tegasan paling tinggi, diikuti oleh spesies HR, PC dan
SC. Kesemua spesies yang terpilih mempunyai potensi sebagai bahan biologi dari segi prestasi pertumbuhan dan kekuatan tegangan akar. Namun, kajian lanjut diperlukan untuk menilai daya tahan hidup dan kekuatan tegangan akar spesies terpilih apabila dilaksanakan di cerun sebenar. Ini akan memberikan gambaran yang lebih jelas tentang ciri khusus sistem akar dalam keadaan yang lebih praktikal.
Kata kunci: Biokejuruteraan; kekuatan regangan; pokok renek; tumbesaran
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